Emotional and relational problems of adolescents with and without a migrant background in Europe: a systematic review.

Mental health of migrant adolescents is a topic that has been widely studied in the past decades. Emotional and behavioural problems are amongst the most explored areas; however, little attention has been paid to the relational sphere, which represents another key aspect of mental health and is paramount during adolescence. This systematic review analysed the available evidence on emotional and relational problems comparing adolescents with and without a migrant background in Europe between 2010 and 2021. The search was conducted in four databases using a common search strategy composed of terms addressing adolescence, migrant population, and emotional and relational problems. Three rounds of screening produced 36 eligible studies. Factors affecting both types of problems were identified and categorised using thematic synthesis, dividing them into factors affecting both types of problems jointly or separately and analysing them according to three systemic levels affecting the adolescents' lives (intrapersonal, interpersonal and external). Critical analysis of the results pointed to mixed findings, with a mild tendency in migrant-background adolescents to portray more emotional problems than their native peers and a stronger tendency for relational problems in the same direction. Several limitations were identified and, along with the conclusions, point to suggestions for future research focusing on studying relational problems as a key component of mental health and its link to emotional problems. Further suggestions entail designing studies that target adolescents with different migrant-background profiles and cultural origins to establish differences between them and identify additional factors affecting emotional and relational problems during the pre-migration and transit phases of the migratory journey to help prevent the onset of these problems.

Características de los programas de educación maternal de atención primaria de la Comunidad de Madrid (España) y de sus asistentes / Characteristics of maternal education programs in primary health care settings in Madrid (Spain) and its attendees

INTRODUCCIÓN: Los programas de educación maternal constituyen un servicio sanitario de la sanidad pública en España para disminuir la morbimortalidad maternoinfantil. OBJETIVO: Describir los programas de educación maternal que se imparten en los centros de atención primaria de la Comunidad de Madrid y recoger las características de la población que asiste. MÉTODO: Estudio descriptivo. Muestra probabilística de 94 matronas (54,6% de las matronas de primaria de Madrid). Cuestionario de elaboración propia, validado. Análisis descriptivo. Programa SPSS. RESULTADOS: En relación con un estudio de 1997, las sesiones del primer y segundo trimestre de gestación han disminuido un 26,5%. Se mantienen las del tercer trimestre. Las de puerperio han aumentado un 22,5%. Mayor asistencia de parejas (48,5%). Las matronas reciben en los grupos a mujeres con más de tres niveles culturales diferentes en el 66,2%, y a mujeres inmigrantes de dos o más procedencias diferentes en el 77,5%. La media de asistentes por grupo es de 30. DISCUSIÓN: Los resultados permiten conocer la evolución de los programas en el sistema sanitario público de Madrid en los últimos 10 años y las características actuales de sus asistentes. Destaca el esfuerzo de las matronas para captar a las gestantes, a sus parejas y a las embarazadas inmigrantes, así como su trabajo para adecuar los programas a las necesidades propias de su población de referencia. También se evidencian las necesidades de mejora, lo que permite diseñar estrategias para aumentar la calidad

INTRODUCTION: Maternal education programs are one of the services provided by the Spanish public health service to reduce maternal and child morbidity. OBJECTIVE: Show the maternal education programs in primary health care settings in Madrid and collected the characteristics of the population who attended them. METHODS: Descriptive study. Probabilistic sample of 94 midwives (54.6% of the midwives in primary care in Madrid). Self-completion questionnaire, validated. Descriptive analysis SPSS program. RESULTS: In comparison with a study carried out in 1997, the number of sessions in the first and second trimester of pregnancy has decreased by 26.5%. The number of sessions has been maintained in the third trimes ter. Post natal sessions increased by 22.5%. Improved attendance by partners (48.5%). In 66.2% of the sessions the midwives had women from more than three different educational levels, and in 77.5% of the sessions immigrant women from two or more different areas of origin attended. Group size was on average 30. DISCUSSION: The results show the way these programs have evolved in the public health system in Madrid over the last 10 years and thhe characteristics of the women who currently attend sessions. One of the most notable features was the effort made by the midwives to attract preg-nant women, their partners and pregnant women of immigrant origin to the sessions, and to make the sessions relevant to the needs of those at tending them. There was also evidence of the need to design strategies to increase the quality

Spanish adaptation of the Stepparent Role Strain Index.

Stepparent role strain refers to the fragile position of these family members in stepfamilies due to the lack of clear social expectations about their roles. This ambiguity facilitates family conflict and a lack of stepparents' integration into the family system. The aim of this paper is to adapt a pioneer measure of stepparent role strain--the Stepparent Role Strain Index of Whitsett and Land (1992)--in a Spanish sample and to analyze its construct validity. The final instrument is made up of 26 items which have good internal consistency (alpha = .89) and an underlying six-factor structure, explaining 64.50% of the total variance.

Spanish Adaptation of the Stepparent Role Strain Index

Stepparent role strain refers to the fragile position of these family members in stepfamilies due to the lack of clear social expectations about their roles. This ambiguity facilitates family conflict and a lack of stepparents’ integration into the family system. The aim of this paper is to adapt a pioneer measure of stepparent role strain -the Stepparent Role Strain Index of Whitsett and Land (1992)- in a Spanish sample and to analyze its construct validity. The final instrument is made up of 26 items which have good internal consistency (α = .89) and an underlying six-factor structure, explaining 64.50% of the total variance (AU)

La tensión de rol de los padrastros y de las madrastras alude a la frágil posición de estos miembros en las familias reconstituidas, debido a la ausencia de expectativas sociales sobre su rol, facilitando la aparición de discrepancias familiares así como la inadecuada integración del padrastro y de la madrastra en el sistema familiar. El objetivo de este trabajo es adaptar a una muestra española un instrumento pionero en la medida de la tensión de rol de los padrastros y de las madrastras, el Índice de Tensión de Rol de Whitsett y Land (1992). El instrumento queda formado por 26 ítems que obtienen una óptima consistencia interna (α = .89). La estructura factorial muestra 6 factores que explican el 64.50% de la varianza total (AU)